The Southern Black Widow Spider (Latrodectus mactans) is one of the most recognizable spiders in North America. Known for its shiny black body and red hourglass marking on the underside of the abdomen, this spider has gained notoriety due to its venomous bite. Despite this reputation, black widows are generally shy and rarely bite unless threatened.
Quick Facts
- Family: Theridiidae
- Habitat: Woodpiles, sheds, garages, crawl spaces
- Diet: Insects and other arthropods
- Status: Venomous spider
Identification
Adult females are glossy black with a bright red hourglass marking on the underside of the abdomen. Males are smaller and often lighter in color.
They are part of the widow spider group that also includes the Brown Widow Spider.
Distribution and Habitat
Southern black widows are common throughout the southeastern United States but can be found in many parts of North America.
Life Cycle
Females produce silk egg sacs that may contain hundreds of spiderlings. Young spiders disperse after hatching and begin building their own webs.
Pest Status
Black widows are considered medically significant spiders because their venom can cause painful bites.
Prevention
- Reduce clutter around buildings
- Wear gloves when handling firewood
- Seal cracks and gaps in structures
Control
Regular cleaning of webs and removal of hiding places can reduce black widow populations near homes.