**Velvet Scorpions** is a common name used for **Amblypygi** (Tailless Whip Scorpions) or sometimes **Thelyphonida** (Whip Scorpions/Vinegaroons). They are non-venomous arachnids that have a flattened body, very long, thin legs, and specialized front appendages (pedipalps) used for grasping prey. The conflict is **extreme nuisance and unwarranted fear**: they are intimidating in appearance due to their size and shape, leading to fear-based encounters when they occasionally wander into homes, although they are completely harmless to humans.
Taxonomy and Classification
Amblypygi and Thelyphonida are distinct Orders within the Class Arachnida. They undergo simple metamorphosis. They are not true scorpions and lack a venomous stinger or tail.
Physical Description
Body length ranges from 15 mm to over 80 mm.
- **Appearance (Key ID):** Flattened, spider-like body (Amblypygi) or a stout, whip-tailed body (Thelyphonida); large, spiny pedipalps (claws); first pair of legs are extremely long and thin, used as sensory antennae.
- **Defense ID (Key):** **Amblypygi** are non-venomous and non-biting, they only grasp; **Thelyphonida** (Vinegaroons) can spray a defensive acetic acid mist (vinegar smell), but cannot sting or cause serious harm.
- **Behavior ID:** Entirely nocturnal; seek out dark, moist hiding places.
- **Conflict:** Nuisance (Fear-based), Minor Chemical Defense (Vinegaroons).
Distribution and Habitat
Tropical and subtropical regions worldwide (Southwest US, Central America, Asia). Habitat is under rocks, logs, leaf litter, and dark recesses (e.g., garages, woodpiles, crawl spaces) where moisture is retained.
Behavior and Conflict
The conflict is solely related to accidental encounters.
- **Cryptic Lifestyle:** They are beneficial predators of insects, spiders, and roaches but are rarely seen except when disturbed from their hiding places or wandering at night.
- **Misidentification:** They are often confused with dangerous arachnids due to their intimidating size.
Management and Prevention
Management is **Exclusion and Toleration**.
- Sealing entry points and reducing clutter (debris, woodpiles) around the perimeter of the structure.
- As they are beneficial and harmless, they should ideally be left alone or gently relocated outdoors.
Conservation and Research
Amblypygi are fascinating model organisms for studying locomotion, especially in dark environments. Both groups are generally considered harmless components of their respective ecosystems.